I. Diplomatic Relations
Both countries are represented in the other by Embassies.
II. Framework of Treaties
- Agreement on the Abolition of Visas for Holders of Diplomatic and Service passports, in force as of 1st June, 1959.
- Agreement on the Abolition of Tourist Visas for the Citizens of the two Countries, in force as of 31st January, 1975.
- Agreement on the Reciprocal Exemption of Income Tax and of all other Tax on the Profits of Revenues derived from Merchant Shipping, in force as of 21st March, 1950.
- Cultural Agreement, in force as of 14th September, 1972.
- Agreement on Co-operation in the field of Tourism, signed on 17th October, 1993.
- Social Security Agreement between Greece and Argentina, in force as of 1st May, 1988.
- Cooperation Agreement on the Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy, signed 15th July, 1997. The agreement has already entered into force following completion of the ratification procedure by the Argentinean side.
- Memorandum of Political Co-operation within the framework of International Organisations, signed during the UN General Assembly of 2003.
- Memorandum of Co-operation between the Diplomatic Academies of the two Countries, signed in Buenos Aires on 4th February, 2005.
III. Political Relations
Greece and Argentina have excellent relations. This was reaffirmed during the past year by their smooth co-operation within the framework of International Organisations, e.g. the UN Security Council (where both countries have been participating as non-permanent members since 1/1/2005) , Unidroit, etc.
In the political field and regarding bilateral contacts in particular, there has been no visit at Ministers of Foreign Affairs level during the last twenty years. However, there have been important visits, as in 1983 when K. Papoulias, then Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, represented Greece in the inauguration ceremony of President R. Alfonsin, and in 1994 when the then Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs G. Niotis visited the country during a tour of the region. Moreover, in 1996 in Cochabamba, Bolivia, on the sidelines of the Sixth EU Ministerial Conference with the Rio Group, a meeting was held between the then Minister of Foreign Affairs T. Pangalos and his Argentinean counterpart G. Di Tella, where they recognised the need for an exchange of Ministerial visits.
In 1999, K. Simitis, then Prime Minister, who was in Buenos Aires in order to take part in the Socialist International Council (25 & 26 June), was received by Argentinean President C. Menem and met with the then Mayor of Buenos Aires and subsequent President, Fernando de la Rua.
IV. Economic and Trade Relations
In the economic field, relations are limited to a low volume of trade and to the relatively minor participation of Greek-owned merchant shipping in maritime commercial transport.
In particular, bilateral trade with Argentina shows a deficit for Greece, with Greek exports amounting to $12 million in 1995, $9 million in 1996, $13 million in 1997, $9 million in 1998, and to around $11 million in 1999. Argentinean exports to Greece were $80 million in 1995, $96 million in 1996, $86 million in 1997, $67 million in 1998 and around $65 million in 1999. In 2000 and 2001, Argentinean exports to Greece were $81.5 and $66.5 million respectively, while imports from Greece amounted to $15.4 and $9 million respectively. The numbers for 2002, 2003 and 2004 were $71 million, $102 million and $112 million for Argentinean exports, and $5 million, $7 million and $11 million for imports from Greece.
Maritime relations between Greece and Argentina are conducted smoothly and there have been no problems related to vessels under Greek flag in Argentinean commercial transport. Still, it should be said that in maritime transport and even though they are not covered by the MERCOSUR Agreement, Argentina shows a marked tendency towards protectionism.
V. Cultural Relations
Greek classical letters are taught in several Argentinean Universities as part of the curriculum of Schools of Classics and there is a Centre for Byzantine Studies at the University of Buenos Aires. Cultural events are also organised by the Instituto Griego de Cultura and, through her embassy, Greece has consistently participated in the Buenos Aires Book Fair, which attracts over one million visitors. For the first time in April 2005, Greece participated in the Fair through the National Book Centre in a common European Pavilion in four-way collaboration with France, Germany and Poland.
Educational relations are covered by the 1972 Cultural Agreement, which in 1975 was supplemented as to the residence status of teachers through the exchange of verbal notes, and are conducted through Implementation Programmes, the latest having been signed on 3rd November, 1999 in Buenos Aires, covering the period 1999 2002. The Agreement was renewed in 2003.
VI. The Greek Community
Greeks have systematically immigrated to the region since the late 19th Century, with the largest number of immigrants having settled in Argentina between the two World Wars. Many of their descendants however, even though undeniably of Greek extraction, still do not hold Greek citizenship. Fluctuating immigration flows continued until about the mid 1960s, while today there are cases of repatriation.
It is estimated that there are at least 30,000 persons of Greek descent living in Argentina, however there are no more than 5,000 Greek passport holders. The majority of Greeks live in Buenos Aires although a not inconsiderable number are scattered throughout the country.
VII. Embassy Details